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In this essay, the authors first examined the imperative of maritime sense-making in Singapore’s context. Despite its importance, maritime sense-making is not a topic that has been discussed robustly before. Therefore, the authors sought to elaborate what maritime sense-making entails, and how it...

This essay examines the applications of robots in future wars and analyses the possibility of totally removing humans from war. Robots can enable unmanned warfare to complement areas where human capabilities are limited. The shift from industrial war to Low-Intensity Conflicts (LIC) also favours ...

In this article, the authors first accounted for how Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have developed over time, before describing the current trends in the development of UAVs and the potential for UAVs in the modern context. The authors then discussed the various threats that UAVs pose to Singapo...

In this essay, the author is not attempting to redefine deterrence but to encourage readers to consider the notion of acting before deterrence—through dissuasion. So what constitutes dissuasion and why consider it? The author feels that similar to deterrence, there is no direct answer as each cou...

For the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) to always stand ready to be called to the defence of Singapore and herinterests, it has to take threat assessments seriously. The process of formulating those threat assessments, and thedecisions taken on follow-up actions are, however, fraught with challenges...

Military intelligence has always held an aura of secrecy and mystery. The success or failure of operations, and the nature of campaigns, hinges on commanders’ decisions, which are in turn guided by intelligence. For those who work ‘behind the curtain’, it has always been a tremendous challenge to...

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that can benefit the training community by improving not only the competencies of already skilled personnel, but also that of trainees who may lack knowledge and experience. Popularised by Pokémon GO, it is one of the technologies that have been identified t...

The robotics revolution offers new ways of warfighting through co-operative robotics including swarm and multi-agent systems resulting in swarm warfare. The essence of swarm warfare combines the highly decentralised nature of melee combat with the mobility of manoeuvre warfare. Underlying the abi...

This essay sets out to establish lessons learnt from Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) during the Cuban Missile Crisis. One is the significant impact of IMINT on the strategic decisions behind the blockade on Cuba as well as the planning of eventual air strikes. The author also highlights that this im...