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Explaining Communist Success in the Chinese Civil War/ LTC Adelbert Tan

Singapore Armed Forces2025
Book
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP)’s victory over the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) during the Chinese Civil War marked one of the largest reversals in military history. While a multitude of factors have been cited as contributing to this outcome, this article will investigate the significance of peasant-centred politics in explaining Mao Zedong’s triumph. The article first examines the political and military-strategic aspects of Mao’s success. Next, the article expounds upon the significance of circumstantial factors surrounding this outcome and analyses it through the lenses of peasant/non-peasant factors and KMT weaknesses. Ultimately, while peasant-centred politics formed the bedrock of Communist strength, Mao’s triumph was precipitated by a combination of wider political, military-strategic , and circumstantial factors.
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